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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*ki:l/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sable face="Times New Roman Star"ñîáîëü face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kes? face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MA , Pav. C. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"kis? face="Times New Roman Star"kis? face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|s? face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s face="Times New Roman Star"kis? face="Times New Roman Star"kis? face="Times New Roman Star"kis face="Times New Roman Star"kis, kis? face="Times New Roman Star"kes? face="Times New Roman Star"kis? face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, TMN 3, 664-665, EDT 752, Ùåðáàê 1961 , 143, ÝÑÒß 5, 77-78, Ëåêñèêà 162-163, Stachowski 149 (one of the Turk.-Samoyed. contact words; because of the Tungus parallel, probably Turk. > Samoyed., despite Helimski 1995 ). The Chuvash form reveals irregular vocalism and may in fact reflect a merger with PT *Ku"l/u"l 'rat, mole' (v. sub *k`e>\l/u/ ). Turk. > Mong. er-kis 'male sable', ebsi-gis 'female sable' (see Clark 1980 , 43). face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":le face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 slave, servant 2 bastard 3 co-ruler, minister face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñëóãà, ðàá 2 íåçàêîííîðîæäåííûé 3 ñîïðàâèòåëü face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (? ku"l) an Old Turkic title (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l ( ? ku"l) 3 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko":le 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lmo"k 'people' face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l 'guests that have arrived' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288. face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:n, *ki:n-du"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 navel, navelstring, centre 2 navel of a musk-deer, musk face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïóïîê, ïóïîâèíà, öåíòð 2 ìóñêóñíàÿ æåëåçà, ìóñêóñ face="Times New Roman Star"kin 'óòðîáà, vagina; ìóñêóñ', kindik 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"kin (KB ), ku"n (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, ku"nu"k (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (MA , Pav. C. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, kindak 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 (ßÆÓ ) face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"k@n 1, k@nd@k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, kin 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"k@nd@k (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ki:n 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2, xindik 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, 'belly' face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kinz?|ix, kintix 1 face="Times New Roman Star"gindik 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 725, 729, ÝÑÒß 5, 68-69, Ëåêñèêà 279-280. Turk. > Mong. kindik (Ùåðáàê 1997 , 127). face="Times New Roman Star"*Ky:jn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 punishment, fine, guilt 2 to punish 3 cruelty, tyranny 4 to condemn 5 hard, difficult 6 to torture 7 insult, offence 8 to offend 9 harm, torture 10 sin 11 to annoy, anger 12 to beat face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàêàçàíèå, øòðàô, âèíà 2 íàêàçûâàòü 3 æåñòîêîñòü, òèðàíèÿ 4 îñóæäàòü, ïîðèöàòü 5 òðóäíûé, òÿæåëûé 6 ìó÷èòü 7 îáèäà 8 îáèæàòü 9 áåäà, ìó÷åíèå 10 ãðåõ 11 ñåðäèòü, ðàçäðàæàòü 12 áèòü face="Times New Roman Star"qyjnyg| (acc.) (Orkh.), qyjn, qyn (OUygh.) 1, qyna- 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qyn, qyjyn (KB ) 1, qyna- 2 (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kyjyn, kyjync? 3, kyna- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 5, qyjyna- 'to make difficult, hard' face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn (Abush. , Áîð. Áàä. , MA ), qyn (Pav. C. ), qyna- 2 (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qijin 5, qijna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"qijin 5, qijna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"qyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Gyna- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qy:n 5, qy:na- 'to make difficult, torture' face="Times New Roman Star"xyjyx 7, xyjal 9 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjal 9, 10, qyjyq-ta- 8, qyjnag| 9 (*qyn/-lag|) face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn, qyjna- 6, qyjal 10, dial. (Áàñê. Òóáà ) qyj- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"x@n 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ky:nn/a:-, kyjaxa:- 11, kyj- 'to pain, ache' face="Times New Roman Star"kyjn|a- 11, kyj- 'to kill' face="Times New Roman Star"xyjna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 1, qyjyt- 'to make difficult, troublesome', qyjna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 1, qyjna- 6, qynz?-yl- 'to be distressed' face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 1, qyjna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 1, qyjna- 12 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 1, qyjna- 12 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn, qejin 1, qyjna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 1, qyjna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"qyjyn 1, qyjna- 6 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 264. EDT 631, ÝÑÒß 6, 218-219, Stachowski 168. Turk. *Ky:jna- > MMong. qina- 'to torture' (Ùåðáàê 1997 , 165). Nasalless forms (like Yak. kyjaxa:- etc.) may result from a reanalysis of the form *Ky:jn as *Kyjyn, interpreted as a deverbative noun. Turk. > Hung. ki/n 'torture, suffering' (Gombocz 1912 ). face="Times New Roman Star"*Konc? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"top(s) of boots face="Times New Roman Star"ãîëåíèùå face="Times New Roman Star"konc? face="Times New Roman Star"qunyc? face="Times New Roman Star"qonc? (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"qu.nz?| face="Times New Roman Star"qonz?|a face="Times New Roman Star"qan|c? face="Times New Roman Star"Gunz?| face="Times New Roman Star"Gonc? face="Times New Roman Star"qos? face="Times New Roman Star"qonc?, qonyc? face="Times New Roman Star"konz?|a face="Times New Roman Star"xonc?u face="Times New Roman Star"qonc? face="Times New Roman Star"qonys? face="Times New Roman Star"qonys? face="Times New Roman Star"qonc? face="Times New Roman Star"qonc? face="Times New Roman Star"qonys? face="Times New Roman Star"xonc? face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 58-59, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 308. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ky:n face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sheath, scabbard face="Times New Roman Star"íîæíû, ÷åõîë face="Times New Roman Star"qyn (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qin, (Khorazm dial.) qyjn face="Times New Roman Star"qin face="Times New Roman Star"qyn (ßÆÓ ) face="Times New Roman Star"Gyn face="Times New Roman Star"Gy:n face="Times New Roman Star"xyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"j@n@, dial. @n@ face="Times New Roman Star"ky:n face="Times New Roman Star"xyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"qyn face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 264, EDT 630-631, Åãîðîâ 79, Ëåêñèêà 571, ÝÑÒß 6, 217-218. face="Times New Roman Star"*gi:r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to enter face="Times New Roman Star"âõîäèòü face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"gir- face="Times New Roman Star"ker- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"ker- face="Times New Roman Star"gir- face="Times New Roman Star"gi:r- face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"ker- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"gir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (ÑÑß ) face="Times New Roman Star"gir- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 735-736, ÝÑÒß 3, 47-48, Stachowski 149. face="Times New Roman Star"*ku":se- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to wish, want, will face="Times New Roman Star"æåëàòü, õîòåòü face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se|- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- (AH , Qutb .) face="Times New Roman Star"kuse|- face="Times New Roman Star"ku":se- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"'ze- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"so"- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"he|- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"se- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 311-312, ÝÑÒß 5, 135. Tuva forms reflect a short *-u">-. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyjl/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to bow, bend face="Times New Roman Star"ãíóòüñÿ, êðèâèòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"qys?- (MK ) 'to deviate' face="Times New Roman Star"kys?- face="Times New Roman Star"qijs?aj- face="Times New Roman Star"Gy:s?ar- face="Times New Roman Star"qyjs?aj- face="Times New Roman Star"qyjsaqta- face="Times New Roman Star"qyjsaj- face="Times New Roman Star"qyjs?anda- face="Times New Roman Star"qyjsaj- < Nogh. face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 670, VEWT 268, TMN 3, 571-573. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko:jn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"armpit, bosom face="Times New Roman Star"ïîäìûøêà, ïàçóõà face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn (Yen., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qoj (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qujyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo.jyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qoin face="Times New Roman Star"Gojun face="Times New Roman Star"Gojun face="Times New Roman Star"xojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qo:n face="Times New Roman Star"x@w|v, xu", dial. xu"m face="Times New Roman Star"xo:j (xon/n/-) face="Times New Roman Star"konnok face="Times New Roman Star"xoj face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qujyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojnu face="Times New Roman Star"qojun, qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"qojyn face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 280, EDT 631, Ëåêñèêà 243-244, ÝÑÒß 6, 26-27, Stachowski 152. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kod- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to put, leave, abandon face="Times New Roman Star"êëàñòü, îñòàâëÿòü, ïîêèäàòü face="Times New Roman Star"qod- (Yen., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qod|- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"koj- face="Times New Roman Star"quj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- (AH , Pav. C. , Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo.j- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"quz- face="Times New Roman Star"Goj- face="Times New Roman Star"Goj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"xor- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"quj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"qoj- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 274, EDT 595-596, ÝÑÒß 6, 27-28, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 361. The original meaning (observable in most ancient occurrences, see EDT 595) must have been 'to put aside, leave, abandon'; the meaning 'put' appears somewhat later and is probably due to a merger with *Ko- 'to put' (v. sub *ga), not attested before the XIVth century. face="Times New Roman Star"*ku"du"- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"affair face="Times New Roman Star"äåëî face="Times New Roman Star"is? ku"du"k (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"is? ku"d|u"k (KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"k@r@s?- 'to hire, be hired' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 702. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kol face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 arm 2 hand face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðóêà (îò ëîêòÿ äî ïëå÷à) 2 ðóêà (êèñòü) face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qul 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 (Abush. , Sangl. , MA , Áîð. Áàä. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qu.l 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Gol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Gol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xol 'shoulder' face="Times New Roman Star"xol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kol 'shoulder' face="Times New Roman Star"xol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qul 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qol 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 276, EDT 614-5, TMN 3, 556, Äûáî 146-153, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 353, Ëåêñèêà 244-245, ÝÑÒß 6, 37-43, Stachowski 150. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kol/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 pair, couple, one of a couple 2 to join, unite face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïàðà, îäèí èç ïàðû 2 ñîåäèíÿòü(ñÿ) face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qus? 1, qus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 (AH , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo.s? 1, qo.s?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Gos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"Gos? 'a couple of oxen', Gos?- 'to add' face="Times New Roman Star"xos 1, xos- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xos 'double; again', xohuj- 2, xoho:n 'poem' face="Times New Roman Star"koho:n 'poem' face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qo's?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1, qos- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1, qos- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qywys? 1, qus?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos 1, qos- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos? 1, qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qos?- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 283; EDT 670, Ëåêñèêà 611, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 375, ÝÑÒß 6, 90-94, Stachowski 150. Turk. > MMong. (HY ) qos?i, WMong. qos, Kalm. xos? 'pair' (KW 189, TMN 3, 364, Clark 1980 , 41, 42, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 142). face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"l- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 shadow 2 to shadow face="Times New Roman Star"1 òåíü 2 äàâàòü òåíü, çàòåíÿòü face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lu"- (OUygh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge, ko"lge (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lege (Abush. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ku.lke|, ku.le|ke| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le|n|ge|, ko"lige| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lga" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lge 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le- 2, ko"lek 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"- 2, ko"lo"n|o" 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lu"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xo"lege 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ko" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"letke 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"le|ge| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"go"lge 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"len|ke 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288-289, 294, EDT 716-718, ÝÑÒß 5, 96-97, 128, Stachowski 164. Should be distinguished from *Ko"l/- 'to screen' (v. sub *ge:\l/a ). face="Times New Roman Star"*go"m- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to bury face="Times New Roman Star"çàêàïûâàòü, õîðîíèòü face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MA ), go"m- (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko.m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m- face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (ÑÑß ) face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289, EDT 721, ÝÑÒß 3, 70-71, Stachowski 155. face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"mbe, -lek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"mushroom face="Times New Roman Star"ãðèá face="Times New Roman Star"go"melek (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"go"mbe| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ba"la"k face="Times New Roman Star"ko"melek face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|mba face="Times New Roman Star"go"mbe| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 101 (Chuv. is hardly < Old Russian, which already had guba, not go,ba). face="Times New Roman Star"*Komyl/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 become drowsy, dry 2 become lean 3 greedy face="Times New Roman Star"1 âÿíóòü, çàñûõàòü, ñòàíîâèòüñÿ âÿëûì 2 õóäåòü, îñóíóòüñÿ 3 æàäíûé face="Times New Roman Star"qomsyz, dial. qomsyq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|ms?úw|l- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xomn/uj- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qomxod| 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 147-148. face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"n| face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 excrements, faeces 2 hard soil, swamp face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàâîç, ïîìåò 2 òâåðäàÿ ïî÷âà, áîëîòî face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"z (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n, ku"n (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"gu.n| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 735, ÝÑÒß 5, 103. face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pe face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 coat of mail 2 ring of mail 3 earring 4 overcoat 5 saddle-pad for a camel 6 film of egg, exuviae 7 a k. of cloth or carpet face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëü÷óãà 2 êîëüöî êîëü÷óãè 3 ñåðüãà 4 ïëàù, ïàëüòî 5 âåðáëþæüå ñåäëî 6 ïëåíêà ÿéöà, ñáðîøåííàÿ êîæà 7 âèä òêàíè èëè êîâðà face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pe 1, 2, 3, ku"pik (MK ) 4, ko"pc?u"k (MK ) 5, ko"psu"n 'mattress' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pe 3, kepeneg, ko"penek 4, ko"pen 7 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pme| 'mattress' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pen (ku"pen) 5 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"n 'mattress' face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|be 6 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pu" 'øóáà èç ìåõà ìåäâåæîíêà' face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ps?ik 'pillow' face="Times New Roman Star"ku"pme| 'mattress' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 687, 688, 689, ÝÑÒß 5, 48-49, 108 (Tur. ko"pen being attributed here to a quite different root, see under *ko"p- 'to swell, foam'), 114-115, 129-130, TMN 3, 581-583. The above forms are hard to separate, and Doerfer's point of view that ko"penek is secondarily < kepenek is probably faulty (even though ko"penek is attested later: ko"pen is certainly attested earlier, and an assimilative delabialization *ko"penek > kepenek seems quite plausible). The Chuvash form shows that the original meaning of the root must have been 'transparent covering, film', whence 'coat of mail' etc. Turk. > Mong. kebeneg 'saddle-cloth, shirt', Hung. ko"po"nyeg 'raincoat' (Gombocz 1912 ).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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